Periodontal health condition among 12-15 years old adolescents in Shenzhen / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#This epidemiology survey is intended to assess the periodontal health conditions of 12 to 15-year-old adolescents and the associated factors in Shenzhen.@*Methods@#The study utilized a multistage stratified cluster method and recruited 5 509 middle school students aged 12 to 15. Gingival bleeding and calculus were conducted and a self-reported questionnaire was administered. Additional periodontal pocket depth and attachment loss examination were performed in the 15-year-age group. Periodontal conditions and the associated factors were analyzed by t-test, Chi-square method and Logistic regression.@*Results@#The prevalence of gingival bleeding and calculus among adolescents was 43.95% and 44.25%, and the prevalence of periodontal pockets ≤3 mm was 0.57%. No periodontal pockets ≥6 mm or attachment loss ≥4 mm were detected. Gender, family income and frequency of teeth brushing were significantly associated with calculus detection (P＜0.05). The use of fluoride had an significant effect on gingival bleeding detection and calculus detection (χ 2=9.70，6.16，P＜0.05).@*Conclusion@#The periodontal health condition among 12-15 years old adolescents in Shenzhen is generally better than the national level. Adolescents living in high-economic districts and females had better periodontal health condition. The government can promote health education in schools and popularize the use of fluoride to improve the periodontal health condition among adolescents.

Prevalence and influencing factors of dental fear among 12-15 year-old children in Shenzhen / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of Children s Dental Fear (CDF) among 12-15 year-old children in Shenzhen city, so as to provide a framework to alleviate CDF and promote oral health.@*Methods@#Multi-stage stratified random sampling was used to select 5 509 children, aged 12-15 years, to participate in this study, which was carried out from October to November, 2018. The Children s Fear Survey Scheduling-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) and oral health examinations were conducted in Shenzhen.@*Results@#The prevalence of dental fear in children aged 12, 13, 14, and 15 years in Shenzhen was 30.3%, 30.5%, 33.6%, and 26.9%, respectively(χ 2=11.97, P=0.01). The CFSS-DS scores were(29.86±13.23)(29.72±13.59)(31.23±14.47)(29.79±13.24), respectively(F=3.60, P=0.01). The CFSS-DS scores of male and female participants were (27.92±13.69) and (32.62±13.12)(t=-12.97, P<0.01), respectively, and the CDF prevalence rates were 23.8% and 38.8%, respectively(χ 2=159.29, P<0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, brushing frequency, visiting experience, oral knowledge level, oral health attitude, oral health and general health status were correlated with CDF (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Attention should be paid to the prevalence of dental phobia among children aged 12-15 years in Shenzhen, and comprehensive intervention measures should be taken to improve children s oral health.

Diffuse aspiration bronchiolitis: analysis of 20 consecutive patients / Bronquiolite aspirativa difusa: análise de 20 pacientes consecutivos

OBJECTIVE: Aspiration can cause a variety of pulmonary syndromes, some of which are not well recognized. The objective of this study was to assess the demographic, clinical, radiological, and histopathological correlates of diffuse aspiration bronchiolitis (DAB), a bronchiolocentric disorder caused by recurrent aspiration. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 20 consecutive patients with DAB seen at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, between January 1, 1998 and June 30, 2014. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 56.5 years (range, 22-76 years), and the male/female ratio was 2.3:1.0. In 18 patients, the diagnosis of DAB was based on the results of a lung biopsy; in the 2 remaining patients, it was based on clinical and radiological features, together with documented aspiration observed in a videofluoroscopic swallow study. In 19 patients (95%), we identified predisposing factors for aspiration, including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), drug abuse, and dysphagia. Common presenting features included cough, sputum production, dyspnea, and fever. Twelve patients (60%) had a history of recurrent pneumonia. In all of the patients, chest CT revealed bilateral pulmonary infiltrates consisting of micronodules and tree-in-bud opacities. In the majority of patients, interventions aimed at preventing recurrent aspiration (e.g., anti-GERD therapies) led to improvement in the symptoms of DAB. CONCLUSIONS: Young to middle-aged subjects with recognizable predisposing factors for aspiration and who report a history of recurrent pneumonia are at increased risk for DAB. Although DAB is not well recognized, certain chest CT features are characteristic of the disorder. .

OBJETIVO: A aspiração pode causar diferentes síndromes pulmonares, algumas das quais não são bem reconhecidas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as correlações demográficas, clínicas, radiológicas e histopatológicas da bronquiolite aspirativa difusa (BAD), um distúrbio bronquiolocêntrico causado por aspiração recorrente. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de 20 pacientes consecutivos com BAD atendidos na Clínica Mayo, em Rochester, Minnesota, entre 1 de janeiro de 1998 e 30 de junho de 2014. RESULTADOS: A mediana de idade dos pacientes foi de 56,5 anos (variação, 22-76 anos), e a relação homem/mulher foi de 2,3:1,0. Em 18 pacientes, o diagnóstico de BAD foi baseado nos resultados de biópsia do pulmão; nos 2 casos restantes, ele foi baseado em características clínicas e radiológicas, em conjunto com aspiração documentada observada em um estudo de deglutição videofluoroscópico. Em 19 pacientes (95%), foram identificados fatores predisponentes para a aspiração, incluindo doença do refluxo gastroesofágico (DRGE), abuso de drogas e disfagia. Características de apresentação comuns incluíam tosse, produção de escarro, dispneia e febre. Doze pacientes (60%) tinham uma história de pneumonias de repetição. Em todos os pacientes, a TC de tórax revelou infiltrado pulmonar bilateral com micronódulos e opacidades do tipo árvore em brotamento. Na maioria dos pacientes, as intervenções destinadas a impedir a aspiração recorrente (por exemplo, terapias anti-DRGE) levaram a uma melhoria nos sintomas de BAD. CONCLUSÕES: Indivíduos jovens até os de meia-idade com fatores predisponentes reconhecíveis para aspiração e que relatam uma história de pneumonias de repetição apresentam um risco aumentado para BAD. Embora BAD não seja bem reconhecida, certos aspectos na TC de tórax são característicos da doença. .

DNA Double-Strand Breaks, Potential Targets for HBV Integration / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequently occurring cancers. Hepadnaviral DNA integrations are considered to be essential agents which can promote the process of the hepatocarcinogenesis. More and more researches were designed to find the relationship of the two. In this study, we investigated whether HBV DNA integration occurred at sites of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), one of the most detrimental DNA damage. An 18-bp I-SceI homing endonuclease recognition site was introduced into the DNA of HepG2 cell line by stable DNA transfection, then cells were incubated in patients' serum with high HBV DNA copies and at the same time, DSBs were induced by transient expression of I-SceI after transfection of an I-SceI expression vector. By using nest PCR, the viral DNA was detected at the sites of the break. It appeared that integration occurred between part of HBV x gene and the I-Scel induced breaks. The results suggested that DSBs, as the DNA damages, may serve as potential targets for bepadnaviral DNA insertion and the integrants would lead to widespread host genome changes necessarily. It provided a new site to investigate the integration.